Custody Data (1997-Present)

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), Serving Children, Families, and Communities

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Q:	How do male custody rates vary by race/ethnicity and State?
A:	For every 100,000 non-Hispanic black male juveniles in the population, 1,317 were in residential placement on February 22, 2006– for Hispanic males the rate was 560, and for non-Hispanic white males it was 270.

Male custody rates by race/ethnicity (per 100,000 male juveniles), 2006

State of offense	Rate per 100,000 male juveniles
State of offense	Total	White	Minority	Black	Hispanic	American Indian¹	Asian¹

U.S. total	489	270	828	1,317	560	789	146

Alabama	521	309	895	979	252	0	0
Alaska	661	399	1,093	1,349	*115	1,305	489
Arizona	384	271	493	1,032	470	396	*38
Arkansas	410	270	758	960	294	0	*162
California	602	259	787	2,185	694	640	203

Colorado	669	459	1,091	2,195	951	891	221
Connecticut	254	77	664	960	521	0	0
Delaware	575	182	1,252	1,608	472	0	0
District of Columbia	1,215	*188	1,362	1,477	530	0	*718
Florida	667	479	892	1,657	240	*283	111

Georgia	462	196	768	931	302	0	*23
Hawaii	117	*17	151	*123	*126	0	43
Idaho	459	437	569	*360	516	1,093	*325
Illinois	351	184	590	876	346	2,256	117
Indiana	556	419	1,151	1,504	544	*308	*71

Iowa	423	332	1,151	1,996	437	*1,243	462
Kansas	582	358	1,360	2,204	956	683	*271
Kentucky	418	296	1,211	1,452	279	0	*136
Louisiana	459	198	795	887	*92	*397	0
Maine	259	249	465	*858	0	*535	0

Maryland	312	125	537	669	197	0	*41
Massachusetts	339	155	917	1,235	835	*373	258
Michigan	422	248	889	1,058	337	689	*74
Minnesota	458	238	1,455	2,317	490	3,039	505
Mississippi	203	96	314	336	0	0	0

Missouri	382	218	1,000	1,234	332	0	*146
Montana	339	285	698	*1,290	*476	655	0
Nebraska	481	290	1,302	2,099	863	1,931	*188
Nevada	514	363	671	1,612	450	670	146
New Hampshire	234	201	725	2,093	*465	0	0

New Jersey	307	66	660	1,294	320	0	*17
New Mexico	342	115	454	857	492	255	0
New York	417	169	728	1,198	475	*163	55
North Carolina	230	112	425	522	189	*173	*80
North Dakota	578	407	1,720	*636	*746	2,147	0

Ohio	545	312	1,453	1,726	418	0	*32
Oklahoma	397	244	714	1,371	340	427	*183
Oregon	543	481	754	1,722	558	1,581	*113
Pennsylvania	559	231	1,698	2,173	978	*539	194
Rhode Island	539	262	1,289	2,742	611	3,125	697

South Carolina	541	265	944	1,052	195	0	0
South Dakota	950	538	2,637	4,478	1,740	2,516	*815
Tennessee	374	230	763	873	259	*313	0
Texas	569	322	741	1,453	573	252	40
Utah	419	310	899	3,169	809	608	270

Vermont	150	129	*626	*704	*1,167	0	0
Virginia	481	205	979	1,307	449	*245	124
Washington	337	262	545	1,192	427	876	143
West Virginia	529	448	1,684	2,217	*280	0	0
Wisconsin	421	227	1,208	2,160	225	1,172	257
Wyoming	753	577	1,821	5,676	1,374	1,261	0

¹American Indian includes Alaskan Natives; Asian includes Pacific Islanders.
* Rate based on fewer than 10 observations.

Notes: The custody rate is the number of male juveniles in residential placement per 100,000 male juveniles age 10 through the upper age of original juvenile jurisdiction in each State. U.S. total includes youth for whom State of offense was not reported and youth in tribal facilities.

To preserve the privacy of the juvenile residents, cell counts have been rounded to the nearest multiple of three. Rates are based on rounded counts. Detail may not add to total because of rounding.

[ Excel file ]

Nationally, the ratio of the custody rate for minority males to that for white females was 3.1 to 1.
In 43 states and the District of Columbia, the custody rate for non-Hispanic black males exceeded the rate for all other race/ethnicity groups.
Nationally, the custody rates for males were substantially higher than the corresponding rates for females. For example the overall custody rate for males was 489 per 100,000 male juveniles in the population. In comparison, the rate for females was 91 per 100,000 female juveniles.

Internet citation: OJJDP Statistical Briefing Book. Online. Available: http://ojjdp.ncjrs.gov/ojstatbb/corrections/qa08210.asp?qaDate=2006. Released on September 12, 2008.

Data Source: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement 2006 [machine-readable data files]. Washington, D.C.: OJJDP.